In 2019, Hong Kong was gripped by massive pro-democracy protests sparked by a proposed extradition bill that would have allowed suspects to be sent to mainland China for trial. The protests, initially peaceful marches drawing millions, evolved into months of intense confrontations, with demonstrators demanding greater democratic freedoms, an independent inquiry into police conduct, and the withdrawal of the bill. Iconic scenes included umbrellas used as shields against tear gas, widespread graffiti, and occupations of key infrastructure like the airport. The movement, marked by resilience and global solidarity, ultimately led to the bill's withdrawal but saw increased Chinese control with the 2020 National Security Law, which curtailed dissent and reshaped Hong Kong’s autonomy. It marked the end of "old Hong Kong".
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